泡杯长岛冰茶 · 2021-09-20
1241
i.IT运维上分入门篇
a)【】
b)【】
c)【】
d)【】
e)【】
f)【】
g)【】
ii.IT运维上分初级篇
a)【】
b)【】
c)【】
d)【】
【正在更新】
e)【VMware虚拟化架构概述与兼容性查询】
f)【VMware虚拟化esxi安装】
g)【VMware虚拟化vCenter安装】
[root@web-apache site1]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 60G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 58.9G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 40G 0 lvm /
├─rhel-swap 253:1 0 8.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─rhel-home 253:2 0 10G 0 lvm /home
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 9.4G 0 rom /mnt
NAME : 表示磁盘设备名。
MAJ:MIN : 本栏显示主要和次要设备号。 对应 /dev/block 下的号
RM : 本栏显示设备是否可移动设备。注意，在本例中设备sdb和sr0的RM值等于1，这说明他们是可移动设备。
SIZE : 本栏列出设备的容量大小信息。例如60G表明该设备容量为60GB。
RO : 该项表明设备是否为只读。在本案例中，所有设备的RO值为0，表明他们不是只读的。
TYPE : 本栏显示块设备是否是磁盘或磁盘上的分区或lvm卷。
sr0 是光盘是只读设备（rom）。
MOUNTPOINT : 本栏指出设备挂载的挂载点。
[root@web-apache ~]# lsblk --help
Usage:
lsblk [options] [<device> ...]
-a, --all 打印所有设备
-b, --bytes 以字节为单位而非易读的格式来打印 SIZE
-d, --nodeps 不打印从属设备(slave)或占位设备(holder)
-D, --discard 打印时丢弃能力
-e, --exclude <列表> 根据主设备号排除设备(默认：内存盘)
-I, --include <列表> 只显示有指定主设备号的设备
-f, --fs 输出文件系统信息
-h, --help 使用信息(此信息)
-i, --ascii 只使用 ascii 字符
-m, --perms 输出权限信息
-l, --list 使用列表格式的输出
-n, --noheadings 不打印标题
-o, --output <列表> 输出列
-p, --paths 打印完整设备路径
-P, --pairs 使用 key=“value” 输出格式
-r, --raw 使用原生输出格式
-s, --inverse 反向依赖
-t, --topology 输出拓扑信息,并获取设备的IO调度算法
-S, --scsi 输出有关 SCSI 设备的信息
-h, --help 显示此帮助并退出
-V, --version 输出版本信息并退出
[root@web-apache site1]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 60 GiB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x01b66509
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 2097152 1G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 125634559 123535360 58.9G 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sda: 60 GiB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Disk /dev/sda: 设备名
60 GiB 设备容量(以G为单位)
64424509440 bytes 设备容量(以字节为单位)
125829120 sectors 设备扇区
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 每个扇区大小是512字节
硬盘分区表：硬盘0磁道第一个扇区 512字节 MBR=446（BootLoader 引导程序信息）+64（分区表信息）+2（结束位校验信息55aa）
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/tmp/sda1mbr.backup bs=1 count=512 备份分区表
查看磁盘dump文件 hexdump -C /tmp/sdambr.backup
[root@web-apache site1]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 60 GiB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x01b66509
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 2097152 1G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 125634559 123535360 58.9G 8e Linux LVM
Device 设备名
/dev/sda1 表示第一个分区
/dev/sda2 表示第二个分区
Boot 带*号表示引导
Start 起始容量位(扇区位)
End 结束容量位
Sectors 扇区数量
Size 设备容量大小
Id 设备分区类型ID号
Type 分区类型
硬盘分区表：
MBR：
1) 最大支持4个主分区
2) 硬盘分区：主分区 扩展分区 逻辑分区
3) 最大支持2T的硬盘
4) 扩展分区一块硬盘只能创建一个扩展分区
5) 缺点：最大支持2T的硬盘 最大支持4个主分区.
GPT：
1) 最大支持128个主分区
2) 最大支持18EB硬盘
3) 如果硬盘大于2T，建议使用GPT分区表.
分区工具：
1)fdisk 一般用来分区MGR分区表的磁盘
2)gdisk 一般用来分区GPT分区表的磁盘
3)parted 非交互式分区，一般脚本里面用的多
a)创建一个1G的分区
[root@web-apache ~]# lsblk -i /dev/sdb
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
[root@web-apache ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7768 1051 5795 13 921 6449
Swap: 9111 0 9111
[root@web-apache ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1). ## fdisk 工具包版本
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x9b45d63b. ## 默认创建MBR格式
Command (m for help): n ## 新创建一个分区
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p ## 新创建一个主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 ## 分区号为1
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +1G##容量大小
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 1 GiB.
Command (m for help): p ## 打印分区信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x9b45d63b
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 2099199 2097152 1G 83 Linux ## 分区1信息
Command (m for help): w ## 保存分区表
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
b)创建swap分区
[root@web-apache ~]# mkswap /dev/sdb1
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1024 MiB (1073737728 bytes)
no label, UUID=51f3521f-73ab-4000-b721-67421c3e658c
[root@web-apache ~]# swapon /dev/sdb1
[root@web-apache ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7768 1052 5794 13 921 6448
Swap: 10135 0 10135
c)开机自启动
root@web-apache ~]# lsblk -o UUID /dev/sdb1 UUID 51f3521f-73ab-4000-b721-67421c3e658c [root@web-apache ~]# echo "UUID=51f3521f-73ab-4000-b721-67421c3e658c swap swap defaults 0 0" >>/etc/fstab
[root@web-apache ~]# gdisk /dev/sdc
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.3
Partition table scan:
MBR: not present
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: not present
Creating new GPT entries.
Command (? for help): o ##创建磁盘模式GTP
This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.
Proceed? (Y/N): y
Command (? for help): n ##创建一个分区
Partition number (1-128, default 1): ##分号
First sector (34-10485726, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
Last sector (2048-10485726, default = 10485726) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +2G
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8300
Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'
Command (? for help): p ##打印分区
Disk /dev/sdc: 10485760 sectors, 5.0 GiB
Model: Virtual disk
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 2C80E8FF-663C-4663-AF75-BFBEF34C16CE
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 10485726
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 6291389 sectors (3.0 GiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 4196351 2.0 GiB 8300 Linux filesystem
Command (? for help): w ##保存分区
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sdc.
The operation has completed successfully.
将分区格式化并挂载
格式化并挂载 [root@web-apache ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1 mke2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020) Creating filesystem with 524288 4k blocks and 131072 inodes Filesystem UUID: 99db48a6-bd50-4aaa-bd13-076cb45a1bdf Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done [root@web-apache ~]# [root@web-apache ~]# mkdir /newdir [root@web-apache ~]# echo "/dev/sdc1 /newdir ext4 defaults 0 0" >>/etc/fstab [root@web-apache ~]# mount -a [root@web-apache ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs devtmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 3.8G 9.4M 3.8G 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs 40G 4.7G 36G 12% / /dev/mapper/rhel-home xfs 10G 115M 9.9G 2% /home /dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 243M 772M 24% /boot tmpfs tmpfs 777M 3.5M 774M 1% /run/user/0 /dev/sr0 iso9660 9.5G 9.5G 0 100% /mnt /dev/sdc1 ext4 2.0G 6.0M 1.8G 1% /newdir
命令概述
-h, --help 显示此求助信息 -l, --list 列出所有设别的分区信息 -i, --interactive 在必要时，提示用户 -s, --script 从不提示用户 -v, --version 显示版本 操作命令： cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-MINOR TO-MINOR #将文件系统复制到另一个分区 help [COMMAND] #打印通用求助信息，或关于 COMMAND 的信息 mklabel 标签类型 #创建新的磁盘标签 (分区表) mkfs MINOR 文件系统类型 #在 MINOR 创建类型为“文件系统类型”的文件系统 mkpart 分区类型 [文件系统类型] 起始点 终止点 #创建一个分区 mkpartfs 分区类型 文件系统类型 起始点 终止点 #创建一个带有文件系统的分区 move MINOR 起始点 终止点 #移动编号为 MINOR 的分区 name MINOR 名称 #将编号为 MINOR 的分区命名为“名称” print [MINOR] #打印分区表，或者分区 quit #退出程序 rescue 起始点 终止点 #挽救临近“起始点”、“终止点”的遗失的分区 resize MINOR 起始点 终止点 #改变位于编号为 MINOR 的分区中文件系统的大小 rm MINOR #删除编号为 MINOR 的分区 select 设备 #选择要编辑的设备 set MINOR 标志 状态 #改变编号为 MINOR 的分区的标志
/dev/sdc的磁盘标签类型为GPT (MBR分区模式命令是 “msdos”）
parted /dev/sdc mklabel gpt
将/dev/sdc整个空间分给同一个分区
parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 0 100%
设定分区label(非必要)
e2label /dev/sdc1 /nwedir2
也可写成一条命令
parted /dev/sdc mklabel gpt mkpart primary "1 -1"
kpartx -a /dev/sdc 刷新分区表
1.4. 查看设备的UUID与对应的文件系统
[root@web-apache site1]# blkid /dev/sda1: UUID="9a3cc5e8-1cca-4c93-87dc-6bbf77f59e38" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="01b66509-01" /dev/sda2: UUID="siue7I-XM17-DUii-JOKM-qCSU-BRqv-t1zOgg" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="01b66509-02" /dev/sr0: BLOCK_SIZE="2048" UUID="2021-05-03-15-21-56-00" LABEL="RHEL-8-4-0-BaseOS-x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTUUID="426eea3b" PTTYPE="dos" /dev/mapper/rhel-root: UUID="2d0b32d5-2cc4-4863-b49c-d38635c5510f" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="xfs" /dev/mapper/rhel-swap: UUID="4004bbbc-be83-4a60-ab32-8133bcf43a8b" TYPE="swap" /dev/mapper/rhel-home: UUID="fc71fd8d-73e7-4e6b-bc8c-b5a407ec31b3" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="xfs"
1.5. LVM卷管理(Logical Volume Manager)
PV物理卷——> 卷用户组 VG——>物理扩展块PE——-> 逻辑卷LV——->文件系统FS——->挂载点mount
1.5.1. 查看系统当前pv信息
pvs vgdisplay
[root@localhost ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda2 rhel lvm2 a-- 58.90g 4.00m [root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 ## pv名称 VG Name rhel ## vg名称 PV Size <58.91 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB ## pv容量/未使用容量 Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB ## 物理扩展块容量(pyhsical extent) Total PE 15079 ## 物理扩展块数量 Free PE 1 ## 未使用物理扩展块数量 Allocated PE 15078 ## 已经分配物理扩展块数量 PV UUID siue7I-XM17-DUii-JOKM-qCSU-BRqv-t1zOgg
vgs vgdisplay
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name rhel ## vg名称 System ID Format lvm2 ## vg版本 Metadata Areas 1 ## 元数据区 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 3 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 58.90 GiB ## vg容量 PE Size 4.00 MiB ## vg数据块大小 Total PE 15079 ## 物理扩展块 Alloc PE / Size 15078 / <58.90 GiB ## 总的物理扩展块/总容量 Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB ## 未使用的物理扩展块/未使用容量 VG UUID eQ0G4m-oSrt-ErsI-8g5S-Qxfd-WXrg-9Xt6qy
lvs lvdisplay
[root@localhost ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert home rhel -wi-ao---- 10.00g root rhel -wi-ao---- 40.00g swap rhel -wi-ao---- <8.90g [root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay /dev/rhel/home --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/rhel/home ## lv路径 LV Name home ## lv名称 VG Name rhel ## vg名称 LV UUID qRixB5-dQwP-66ac-vmVC-7OWA-h6Ij-K35ktS LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost, 2021-08-20 22:54:49 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 10.00 GiB ## lv容量 Current LE 2560 ## logical extents 数量 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:2
a)新创建一个分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (4196352-20971519, default 4196352):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (4196352-20971519, default 20971519): +5G
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 5 GiB.
Partition #2 contains a ext4 signature.
The signature will be removed by a write command.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2):
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xc98599a3
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 4196352 14682111 10485760 5G 8e Linux LVM
Filesystem/RAID signature on partition 2 will be wiped.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.b)创建pv磁盘
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2 Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created. [root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created. [root@localhost ~]#
c)创建vg卷
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc Volume group "myvg" successfully created [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree myvg 2 0 0 wz--n- 9.99g 9.99g rhel 1 3 0 wz--n- 58.90g 4.00m
d)创建条带化lvm卷
查看帮助文档
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate --help |grep -A 6 striped Create a striped LV (infers --type striped). ## 创建条带化lvm卷 lvcreate -i|--stripes Number -L|--size Size[m|UNIT] VG ## 指定pv数量 [ -l|--extents Number[PERCENT] ] ## 以容量单位指定lv大小 [ -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT] ] ##容量单位指定lv大小 [ COMMON_OPTIONS ] [ PV ... ] [root@localhost ~]# lvcreate --help |grep -A 10 raid Create a raid LV (a specific raid level must be used, e.g. raid1). lvcreate --type raid -L|--size Size[m|UNIT] VG ## 创建raid卷 [ -l|--extents Number[PERCENT] ] [ -m|--mirrors Number ] [ -i|--stripes Number ] [ -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT] ] [ -R|--regionsize Size[m|UNIT] ] [ --minrecoveryrate Size[k|UNIT] ] [ --maxrecoveryrate Size[k|UNIT] ] [ --raidintegrity y|n ] [ --raidintegritymode String ] [ --raidintegrityblocksize Number ] [ COMMON_OPTIONS ] [ PV ... ]
e)创建卷条带化卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -i 2 -I 1073741824 -L 2G -n mylv myvg Reducing requested stripe size 1.00 TiB to maximum, physical extent size 4.00 MiB. Logical volume "mylv" created. [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -i 2 -I 1073741824 -L 2G -n mydatalv myvg /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc Reducing requested stripe size 1.00 TiB to maximum, physical extent size 4.00 MiB. Logical volume "mydatalv" created. [root@localhost ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert mydatalv myvg -wi-a----- 2.00g mylv myvg -wi-a----- 2.00g home rhel -wi-ao---- 10.00g root rhel -wi-ao---- 40.00g swap rhel -wi-ao---- <8.90g
f)lvm卷扩容
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mylv_xfs [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv /mylv_xfs/ [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mylv_ext4 [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mydatalv /mylv_xfs/ [root@apache ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv xfs 2.0G 47M 2.0G 3% /mylv_xfs /dev/mapper/myvg-mydatalv ext4 2.0G 6.0M 2.0G 1% /mylv_ext4 [root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +200M /dev/myvg/mydatalv Using stripesize of last segment 4.00 MiB Size of logical volume myvg/mydatalv changed from 2.00 GiB (512 extents) to <2.20 GiB (562 extents). Logical volume myvg/mydatalv successfully resized. [root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +200M /dev/myvg/mylv Using stripesize of last segment 4.00 MiB Size of logical volume myvg/mylv changed from 2.00 GiB (512 extents) to <2.20 GiB (562 extents). Logical volume myvg/mylv successfully resized. [root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/myvg/mydatalv resize2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020) Filesystem at /dev/myvg/mydatalv is mounted on /mylv_xfs; on-line resizing required old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1 The filesystem on /dev/myvg/mydatalv is now 575488 (4k) blocks long. [root@apache ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv meta-data=/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv isize=512 agcount=9, agsize=64512 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0 = reflink=1 data = bsize=4096 blocks=524288, imaxpct=25 = sunit=1024 swidth=2048 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=8 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 524288 to 575488 [root@apache ~]# df -Th /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv xfs 2.2G 49M 2.2G 3% /mylv_xfs /dev/mapper/myvg-mydatalv ext4 2.1G 6.0M 2.0G 1% /mylv_ext4
g)删除lvm卷
[root@apache ~]# umount /mylv_xfs [root@apache ~]# umount /mylv_ext4 [root@apache ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert mydatalv myvg -wi-a----- <2.20g mylv myvg -wi-a----- <2.20g [root@apache ~]# lvremove /dev/myvg/mylv /dev/myvg/mydatalv Do you really want to remove active logical volume myvg/mylv? [y/n]: y Logical volume "mylv" successfully removed Do you really want to remove active logical volume myvg/mydatalv? [y/n]: y Logical volume "mydatalv" successfully removed [root@apache ~]# vgremove myvg Volume group "myvg" successfully removed [root@apache ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert home rhel -wi-ao---- 10.00g root rhel -wi-ao---- 40.00g swap rhel -wi-ao---- <8.90g [root@apache ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully wiped. Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully wiped. [root@apache ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda2 rhel lvm2 a-- 58.90g 4.00m [root@apache ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree rhel 1 3 0 wz--n- 58.90g 4.00m [root@apache ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert home rhel -wi-ao---- 10.00g root rhel -wi-ao---- 40.00g swap rhel -wi-ao---- <8.90g
[root@web-apache site1]# scsi-rescan Scanning SCSI subsystem for new devices Scanning host 0 for SCSI target IDs 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7, all LUNs Scanning for device 0 0 0 0 ... RedHat 7之前的版本 echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan 如果外接FC存储设备加载驱动的方式 # modprobe -r lpfc（卸载驱动） # modprobe lpfc（加载驱动）
[root@localhost ~]# yum install stratis* -y [root@apache ~]# man stratis EXAMPLES Example 1. Creating a Stratis pool stratis pool create mypool /dev/sdb /dev/sdc Example 2. Creating an encrypted pool stratis key set --capture-key someKeyDescription stratis pool create --key-desc someKeyDescription mypool /dev/sdb /dev/sdc Example 3. Creating a filesystem from a pool stratis filesystem create mypool data1 Example 4. Binding a pool’s devices to use an NBDE policy for decryption stratis pool bind nbde --trust-url mypool someKeyDescription someTangServerUrl [root@apache ~]# stratis pool create mypool /dev/sdb1 #创建一个mypool池，使用/sdb1块设备 [root@localhost ~]# stratis filesystem create mypool data1 #创建一个data1文件系统，使用mypool池 [root@localhost ~]# stratis filesystem list #查看文件系统 Pool Name Name Used Created Device UUID mypool data1 546 MiB 2021 17:58 /dev/stratis/mypool/data1 f8feabd0940a4ec3b85c846c63459ffe [root@localhost ~]# stratis blockdev list #查看stratis的块设备 Pool Name Device Node Physical Size Tier mypool /dev/sdb1 10.00 GiB Data [root@localhost ~]# stratis pool list #查看stratis的块存储池 Name Total Physical Properties mypool 10.00 GiB / 37.63 MiB / 9.96 GiB ~Ca,~Cr
echo "UUID=XXXXXX /stratis_directory xfs defaults,x-systemd.requires=stratisd.service 0 0" >>/etc/fsttab defaults,x-systemd.requires=stratisd.service ## 该目录依赖于stratisd服务 echo "UUID=XXXXXX /network_share_dir xfs defaults,_netdev 0 0" >>/etc/fsttab defaults,_netdev ## 该目录依赖于网络服务
[root@localhost ~]# yum install kmod-kvdo vdo -y systemctl enable vdo.service --now man vdo # man查看帮助 EXAMPLES Creation of a VDO device named vdo0, with a 10 terabyte thinly-provisioned logical address size: # vdo create --name=vdo0 --device=/dev/sdb1 --vdoLogicalSize=10T Creating VDO vdo0 Starting VDO vdo0 Starting compression on VDO vdo0 VDO instance 1 volume is ready at /dev/mapper/vdo0 [root@localhost ~]# lvcreate --help|grep -A 6 vdo man LVM卷下创建vdo # man查看帮助 lvcreate --type vdo -L|--size Size[m|UNIT] VG [ -l|--extents Number[PERCENT] ] [ -V|--virtualsize Size[m|UNIT] ] [ -i|--stripes Number ] [ -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT] ] [ --vdo ] [ --vdopool LV_new ] [ --compression y|n ] [ --deduplication y|n ] [ COMMON_OPTIONS ] [ PV ... ]
vdo create --name=vdo0 --device=/dev/sdc --vdoLogicalSize=20G #查看卷状态 [root@servera ~]# vdo status -n vdo0 |egrep "Dedu|Comp|Physical" Compression: enabled ##开启压缩 Deduplication: enabled ##开启重复数据去重 Physical size: 5G ##物理卷容量 #格式化vdo卷 [root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vdo0 -K meta-data=/dev/mapper/vdo0 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1310720 blks = sectsz=4096 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0 = reflink=1 data = bsize=4096 blocks=5242880, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=4096 sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 Discarding blocks...Done.
[root@servera mnt]# vdostats --human-readable Device Size Used Available Use% Space saving% /dev/mapper/vdo0 5.0G 3.0G 2.0G 60% 98% [root@servera mnt]# cat /etc/fstab 增加一条 # /etc/fstab UUID=fcd18147-1e0f-47c6-8ed6-23d49e4c8966 /mnt/file1 xfs defaults,x-systemd.requires=vdo.service 0 0
本篇完
泡杯长岛冰茶
6726
泡杯长岛冰茶
4506
AskGuo
3035
云贝教育
2930
云贝教育
2653
1菩提行者1
2618
19941464235
junle.chen@yunbee.net
QQ群咨询：1080888483
点击加载更多